10273070
Description
Flashcards by Elizabeth Then, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Elizabeth Then
over 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Acute pain | specific and predisposing factor, limited duration |
| chronic pain | ongoing tissue injury, may persist after the original lesion has healed |
| Nociceptive pain | pain following activation of normal pain fibres (e.g. tissue injury) |
| Allodynia | pain due to stimulus which wouldn't normally provoke pain e.g. cotton on skin |
| Hyperalgesia | increased response to stimulus which is normally painful |
| Breakthrough pan | occurs between regular doses of analgesics, reflects an increase in pain beyond control of baseline |
| Incident pain | occurs with physical activity, e.g. wound dressing |
| NSAIDS | ibuprofen, aspirin inflammatory, nociceptive pain adverse effects: GIT bleeding, worsening of asthma, CNS, headache, dizziness, kidney failure, fluid retention, elderly are vulnerable |
| NSAID interactions | warfarin and anticoagulants diuretics and ACE inhibitors= tripple whammy |
| Opioids | used for acute and chronic pain rapid onset of action |
| Opioid dosing | doses are age dependent, less dose for elderly, modify dose accordingly |
| Opioid choices | acute surgical=fentanyl, morphine chronic=oxycodone, morphine, methadone |
| Opioid mechanism of action | activate opioid receptors (mu), decreasing transmission of pain impulse, neuronal cell no longer in an excitable state |
| Disadvantages of opioids for acute pain | respiratory depression, sedation score, nausea and vomiting |
| Disadvantages for opioids for chronic pain | tolerance, dependence, elderly more vulnerable |
| Tramadol | (s4) weak mu agonist adrenaline and serotonin reuptake inhibitor nausea a probelm |
| Antagonist: naloxone | high affinity to mu receptor used for reversal of opioid overdose for resp depression IV only, short half life |
| Targin | combination of oxycodone (mu agonist) and naloxone (mu antagonist) used to minimise constipation to decrease regular laxatives |
| Paracetomol | analgesic, antipyretic, weak anti-inflammatory adverse effects: hepatotoxicity which is dose related |
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