10973942
Description
Flashcards by Morgan Tomas-Klostermann, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Morgan Tomas-Klostermann
about 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| knowledge | information that is stored in our long-term memories |
| thinking (cognition) | use of knowledge to accomplish some sort of goal, to perceive and understand the world, to communicate with others, and to solve problems |
| language | system of communication that has a set vocabulary and a set structure of grammar |
| expert problem-solving | based on acquired knowledge and strategies |
| creative thinking | enhanced by strategies that promote divergent thinking |
| divergent thinking | ability to generate many ideas quickly in response to a single prompt |
| functional fixedness | limitation of only being able to see objects in their familiar roles |
| mental set | tendency to approach a new problem in the same way you approached a similar problem in the past, but it doesn't work out; you stop looking for other ways |
| confirmation bias | to ignore or find fault with info that doesn't fit with your opinion, & to keep looking until you find info that matches |
| representative heuristic | based on how well an object or event matches (represents) an existing prototype in our minds |
| availability heuristic | estimates probabilities based on info that can be recalled (made available) from personal experience or memory |
| intelligence | Alfred Binet ; our global capacity to find and maintain a purpose, adapt our strategy, and evaluate the strategy |
| influences of intelligence | heredity and environment |
| raising intelligence | 1) improved social conditions 2) education (environment) |
| synesthesia | experiencing one sense in terms normally associated with another sense |
| prototype | ideal models ; used to identify concepts |
| experiential processing | thought that is passive , effortless, and automatic |
| reflective processing | thought that is active , effortful, and controlled |
| basic units of thought | images, concepts, and language |
| images | picture-like mental representations |
| concepts | ideas that represent categories of objects or events |
| concept types | conjunctive, relational, and disjunctive |
| conjunctive concepts | presence of 2 or more features (ex: motorcycle) |
| relational concepts | how objects relate to something else (ex: larger, above, left) |
| disjunctive concepts | at least 1 of several possible features/meanings (ex: strike) |
| stages of creative thought | Orientation, Preparation, Incubation, Illumination, and Verification |
| types of mental representations (2) | concepts and imagery (images) |
| types of intelligence | practical, analytical, and creative |
| bell curve | normal distribution |
| Normal Range (IQ) | 85-115 |
| Intellectually Disabled Range (IQ) | below 70 |
| Gifted Range (IQ) | 130 and above |
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