2380130
Description
Flashcards by Charlotte Hewson, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Charlotte Hewson
over 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| what is nuclear division? | the process by which the nucleus divides |
| what are the two types of nuclear division? | -meiosis -mitosis |
| what is cell division? | follows nuclear division and is the process where the entire cell divides |
| what must happen before a nucleus can divide? | DNA must be replicated |
| why must the DNA replicate? | so all the daughter cells have the genetic info to produce the enzymes and other proteins they need. |
| which model is universally accepted for DNA replication? | semi-conservative replication |
| how many requirements are there for DNA replication to occur? | 4 |
| what are the requirements? | -the 4 types of nucleotide, each with their bases of A,G,C and T must be present -both strands of DNA must act as a template for the attachment of these nucleotides -DNA polymerase (enzyme) is needed to catalyse the reaction -a source of chemical energy |
| which enzyme breaks up the hydrogen bonds linking the base pairs? | DNA helicase |
| what does DNA helicase cause the double helix to do? | separate into its two strands and unwinds |
| what then happens to each exposed polynucleotide? | acts as a template which attracts complementary nucleotides |
| what is used to activate the nucleotides? | energy - ATP |
| what joins the activated nucleotides together? | the enzyme DNA polymerase |
| what does each new DNA molecule contain? | one original strand and one new strand. |
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