255589
Description
Flashcards by eadaoin.fodenx, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by eadaoin.fodenx
about 12 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| EVOLUTION: Mutation | is a change in the amount or structure of DNA Gene mutation Chromosome mutation |
| Genetic engineering | is the artificial alteration or manipulation of genes |
| 5 KINGDOMS: Monera...bacteria | Absence of membrane-enclosed nucleus=prokaryotes NO membrane enclosed organelles NORMALLY small + singlecelled reproduce asexually |
| Protoctista...Algae,Amoeba | Have membrane enclosed nucleus Mostly single-celled +simple multi-celled organisms Mainly found in water |
| FUNGI...mushrooms ect. | Hetrotrophic(take in their own food) Mainly multi-celled with tubes=hyphae Hyphae walls made of chitin(carbohydrate) Reproduce by spores |
| PLANTS..mosses ect. | Complex multi-celled organisms Autotrauphic(make own food by photosynthesis) Cell walls made of cellulose Non motile Embryo is protected inside parent plant Reproduce sexually and asexually |
| ANIMALS...humans ect. | Multi-celled Heterotrophic Absence of cell walls Nervous and Muscular systems Reproduce sexually Large non-motile egg + small motile sperm |
| Species | A group of organisms capable of natural interbreeding to produce fertile offspring |
| Heridity | Passing on of features from parents to offspring by means of genes |
| A Gene | Is a a section of DNA that carries the code for a particular protein |
| Gene expression | is the way in which the genetic code contained in a gene is converted into a protein |
| A Gamete | is a haploid cell capable of fertilisation |
| Allelels | are different forms of the same gene |
| Dominant | Means that the allele prevents the recessive allele from working |
| Recessive | means that the allele is prevented from working by a dominant allele |
| Genotype | is the genetic make-up of an organism |
| Phenotype | is the physical make-up of an organism |
| Homozygous | means that both the alleles are the same |
| Heterozygous | means that the alleles are different |
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