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| Question | Answer |
| Name the main types of Blood Vessel | Veins, Artery, Capillaries |
| Where do Veins carry blood ? | Collects de-oxygenated blood from the capillaries and return the blood into the heart |
| How are Veins adapted for their function ? | They have thin walls and blood is at low pressure |
| Why do the Veins contain valves ? | To prevent the backflow of blood |
| Where do Arteries carry blood ? | Takes oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body organs and tissues |
| How are Arteries adapted to their function ? | Cell wall is thick and muscular so it can withstand high pressure of the blood being pumped directly from the heart |
| Where do Capillaries carry blood ? | Form a network to take blood through the organs and tissues |
| How are Capillaries adapted to their function ? | One cell thick which allows diffusion to happen quicker |
| Is the blood from the Capillaries under any pressure ? | Yes, water and other substances are squeezed out into the surrounding inter cellular spaces |
| What is Plasma ? | Is the liquid part of the blood - water (solvent) |
| What does Plasma transport ? | Carbon dioxide, Nutrients such as glucose ammino acids,Urea(waste substance) and Hormones |
| What do Red Blood Cells do ? | Absorb oxygen in the lungs and releases it into the rest of the body |
| What do Red Blood Cells contain ? | Haemoglobin. Haemoglobin + oxygen --> oxyhaemoglobin |
| How are Red Blood Cells adapted to their function ? | No nucleus. It has a biconcave shape (has an indentation) which means it has a larger surface area |
| What is an symptom of Anemia ? | Lack of iron means less Haemoglobin this means less oxygen therefore less respiration therefore less energy |
| Name the two types of White Blood Cells | Phagocytes Lymphocytes |
| Describe how an Lymphocyte destroys a bacterium | Produce antibodies which stick to the antigens on the bacterium. |
| What does an Lymphocyte cell look like ? | They have a large nucleus where after the antibodies are produced,they stick to the antigens |
| What is an Antibody ? | Antibodies are soluble proteins that pass into the plasma |
| What are Memory cells ? | Sometimes lymphocytes develop into memory cells. Memory cells make us immune to a disease so if the same pathogen re infects the memory cells start to reproduce anitbodies to fight of the infection off quicker |
| Describe how a Phagocyte destroys bacteria | They change their shape by expanding their cytoplasm called Pseudopodia. The Pseuodpodia surround and engulf the microorganism which then releases enzymes to break the organism down |
| What does a Phagocyte cell look like ? | They have a cell membrane, cytoplasm and a nucleus. It has an abnormal looking nucleus |
| What are Platelets ? | They release an enzyme called Fibrin to make blood lots when we cut ourselves |
| Suggest the consequence of having too few platelets in the blood | Could lose a lot of blood which can lead to bleeding to death and more bacteria infection can get in |
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