Stars and Planets

Question	Answer
Name the planets in order from closest to furthest from the Sun	Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
How many planets are there in our solar system?	8
What are the rocky planets?	Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars
What are the gas and ice giants?	Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune
What is an asteroid?	Large irregular shaped rock that orbits the Sun
Where is the asteroid belt?	Between Mars and Jupiter
What is a comet?	Lump of ice and dust which travels through the solar system
Name the star in our solar system	The Sun
What is a galaxy?	A collection of millions of stars
What is the name of the galaxy our solar system lies in?	The Milky Way
What is a light year?	Distance light travels in 1 year
What is an Astronomical Unit?	Distance between the Earth and the Sun
What is a large cloud of gas and dust in space called?	Nebula
How does a protostar form?	Nebula collapses due to gravity
In which stage of the life cycle of a star is hydrogen fused into helium?	Main Sequence
In which stage of the life cycle of a star does a star spend most of its life?	Main Sequence
In which stage of the life cycle of a star is our Sun currently?	Main Sequence
After our Sun (low mass) runs out of hydrogen what will it become?	Red Giant
How will the Sun end its life?	White Dwarf
When a Red Giant can't fuse anymore fuel together what happens next?	Sheds outer layers and collapses into a white dwarf
If a star is much bigger than the Sun what will it become after Main Sequence?	Red Super Giant
In which stage of the life cycle of a star are elements from helium up to iron made?	Red Super Giant (Red Giant but not all the way to iron)
When a Red Super Giant has run out of fuel what happens next?	It becomes a Supernova
What is a Supernova?	Huge explosion of a star
In which stage of the life cycle of a star are elements heavier than iron made?	Supernova
If a star is one of the biggest in the Universe what will it become after Supernova?	Black hole
Name the 2 forces acting on a star	Gravity (inwards) and Gas and radiation pressure (outwards)
Describe in terms of forces why a main sequence star is stable	Force of gravity inwards equals force of gas and radiation pressure outwards
HT: What is the name of the graph that show temperature, brightness and size of a star called? Image: Hr Diagram (binary/octet-stream)	Hertzsprung-Russell (HR) diagram
HT: What is unusual about the temperature scale on the HR diagram? Image: Hr Diagram (binary/octet-stream)	It goes from hot on the left hand side of the x axis, to cold on right hand side. The temperature decreases along the axis
HT: In which area of a HR diagram would you find a Red Super Giant? Image: Hr Diagram (binary/octet-stream)	Top right corner
HT: In which area of a HR diagram would you find small, hot, dim stars? Image: Hr Diagram (binary/octet-stream)	Bottom left corner

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	Created by Miss C Rodgers over 1 year ago