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| Question | Answer |
| What is settlement? | Way of how population establish in a territory. It can be rural or urban. |
| Rural settlement (Definition) | Is the settlement of people in rural areas. Less than 10 000 inhabitants. |
| Rural settlement (Economic activities) | Agriculture and livestock production. |
| Rural settlement (Housing and equipment) | Single-family houses with few floors. |
| Urban (Definition) | Is the settlement in towns or cities. More than 10 000 inhabitants. |
| Urban (Economic activities) | Industrial and commercial activities and different services. |
| Urban (Housing and equipment) | Large buildings with many floors, which house many families. Streets are important for transport. |
| The urbanisation process | Process of a population shift from rural to urban areas. |
| The urbanisation process (reasons) | 1. Job opportunity 2. Basic services (sanitation, hygiene, education...) 3. Variety of goods. 4. Centre of business, companies and capital 5. Centre of history and culture 6. Attract tourists, generating income. |
| Urban plans | Strategies to organize city growth. |
| Types of city plans | Radiocentrci plan Irregular plan Orthogonal plan |
| Radiocentric plan | -It was built in concentric circles around the main core -The city has developed around the main core |
| Irregular plan | -The streets and houses are without organisation -Is typical of the old European cities -Some cities are walled |
| Orthogonal plan | -Planned cities -Is used in the expansion zones of old cities -Existed in Roman era -Cities with wide streets that cross perpendiculary and form block of houses |
| Rural exodus | Migration from rural areas to cities for better opportunities. |
| Cultural (religious) funciton (Examples) | Rome Jerusalén Sevilla Mecca |
| Educative function (Examples) | Cambridge Oxford Salamanca |
| Administrative and political function (Examples) | Washington D.C. Berlín Brasilia |
| Commercial and economic function (Examples) | Nueva York Londres Hong Kong Monte Carlo |
| Parts of the city | Old city Expansion zone Suburbs |
| Old city | Historical centre 1. The original centre of the city 2. Irregular medieval plan (narrow streets). 3. Jewish district and Muslim quarter. 4. It has been restorated. |
| Expansion Zone | Since the 18th century in Europe after the IR 1. Wide and straight streets 2. The residence of the burgoise 3. Today is the business centre 4. Banks, companies and commercial activities |
| Suburbs | 1. Exterior neigbournhoods 2. Industrial zone 3. Shopping centres 4. In developed countries, greenfield urbanisations In underdeveloped countries, favelas and shanty towns. |
| Metropolitan area | In developed countries, the population moved to urban centres close to large cities, which formed new towns but with a close relation with the large city. Example: Madrid |
| Conurbation | These are large cities in a similar category, which grow spatially to form a large urban area. Example: New York and Philadelphia |
| Megalopolis | These are large urban concentration. They are formed by the union of several conurbations. Example: in the USA: New York, Philadelphia, Boston and Baltimore. |
| Differences between developed countries and least developed countries (DEVELOPED COUNTRIES) | -Growth follows urban plans. -Roads improve the acess and movement of the population. Good public transport. -Public services are expanded such as education, police, water, hospitals, rubbish, dumping. |
| Differences between developed countries and least developed countries (LEAST DEVELOPED COUNTRIES) | -Growth is spontaneous. without planning. -The movement and acess to the city is chaotic. The public transport is deficent. - Public services are NOT expanded such as education, police, water, hospitals, rubbish, dumping. There are contrast and imbalance between wealth and poor neighbournhoods. |
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