403146
| Question | Answer |
| bacteriocidal | refers to an agent that kills pathogenic or non-pathenogenic bacteria |
| spore | the reproductive life stage of bacteria or fungi. designed to resist environmental conditions that are adverse to growth of organism; more difficult to kill than vegetative life stages. |
| vegetative | life stages of bacteria or fungi where they grow |
| antiseptics | a chemical that can be applied on or in living tissue and will inhibit the growth or reproduction of micro-organisms |
| bacteriostatic | agents can inhibit but, not necessarily, kill bacteria; use has been an important factor in drug resistant bacteria |
| deoderant | product of formulation of disinfectant |
| detergent | Cleaner, soap |
| non-ionic detergents | do not contain free ions and when mixed with water will not leave a surface film |
| Anionic compouds | primarily soaps have free negatively charged ions that will produce a soap film when mixed with hard water |
| disinfectant | inactivate or destroy 100% of susceptible vegetative bacterial cells on inanimate objects but may not affect spores or certain viruses; will have a spectrum |
| fungicidal | refers to chemicals that destroy some vegetative fungi, but not necessarily the spores |
| germicidal | indicates the product kills some type of microoganism; check lit for spectrum |
| sanitizer | chemical that reduces the number of micro-organisms to a level that is less likely to be a health hazard. required to kill 98-99% to be labeled as a sanitizer. |
| sporicidal | kills some fungal spores and bacterial endospores or it cannot be labeled the term. |
| sterilization | process inactivates or kills 100% of the vegetative forms of ALL micro-organisms present. |
| viricidal | product that can kill some viruses. |
| virus types (2) | 1. virus with an envelope composed of protein molecules and lipids 2. virus with an envelope composed only of proteins (non-enveloped) |
| Providone iodine (betadine) | Antiseptic; category: Halogen (iodophor) uses: surgical skin scrub, topical antiseptic clin. impl.: produce less stinging and staining of skin, more prolonged action than iodine |
| hydrogen peroxide | Antiseptic; Category: Oxidizer uses: cleansing of wounds clinical implications: solutions are unstable, keep in cool, dark container/tightly closed container, effervescence facilities debris removal from wounds |
| ethyl alcohol | Antiseptic; category: alcohol |
| Isopropyl alcohol | Antiseptic; category: alcohol uses: skin antiseptic clin. impl.: more effective than ethanol, may result in prolonged bleeding from injection sites, esp. IV sites, use 70% |
| Chlorhexidine (Nolvasan) | Antiseptic AND disinfectant; category: Biguanide uses (antiseptic): surgical skin scrub, wound cleanser, ear preps, shampoos, intra-uterine clin. impl. (antiseptic): low potential for skin reaction uses (dis.): disinfection for floor, cages, tables, intruments clin. impl.: use specified concentration, non-corrosive to metals |
| Bleach (Chlorox) aka Sodium Hypochlorite | Disinfectant; Category: Halogen uses: disinfectant for cages, floors clin. impl.: excellent viricide, very effective against Parvo and other non-enveloped viruses - use 1:32 dilution, respiratory and skin irritant, wear gloves in well ventilated areas, corrosive, cheap |
| Lysol | Disinfectant; category: Phenolic uses: household disinfectant/cleaner clin. impl.: toxic to cats |
| Roccal-D aka Quaternary Ammonium Compounds | Disinfectant; category: Quat uses: disinfectant for cages, floors, tables, instruments clin. impl.: use specified concentration, non-corrosive to metals |
| Cidex aka glutaraldehydes | Disinfectant; category: Glutaraldehyde uses: intrument sterilization, rubber, plastic, metal clin. impl.: solution is stable for 14 days after dilutiom, highly irritating, avoid skin contact, instruments must be rinsed w/ sterile water before use |
| Trifectant | Disinfectant; category: Oxidizer uses: disinfectant for cages, floors, tables, instruments clin. impl.: max soak time 10 min. |
| Boric acid | commonly used antiseptic Uses: ophthalmic, skin injury Clinical implications: different concentrations sold-use only those indicated for ophthalmic in eyes |
| gentian violet, crystal violet, brilliant green, scarlet red | Antiseptic uses: dyes, topical antiseptics clin. impl.: stain skin and hair coat, used on food animals |
| kopertox | Antiseptic uses: fungicidal, bacteriocidal clin. impl.: use in the treatment of thrush (foot rot) |
| 70% isopropyl alcohol | disinfectant uses: clean injection vials, thermometers Clin. Impl.: requires prolonged contact to disinfect, but tends to evaporate; poor antifungal; good for degreasing |
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