4503988
Description
Flashcards by Florence Edwards, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Florence Edwards
almost 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Give 4 examples of where the term 'companion animals' can be difficult to define | Working dogs (utility) Horses (utility) Feral cats Stray dogs |
| Give 4 components of animal welfare | Physical state of body Mental state Environment 'Natural living' - extent to which nature of animal, genetic traits manifested in breed and temperament, are satisfied |
| Give 3 ways in which welfare of free range hens may be poor | Cannibalism Increased risk of disease Beak trimming |
| Give 2 ways in which access to outdoor space could reduce welfare of cats | Risk of road traffic accidents and infectious disease |
| What is different about pet cat keeping in the US and UK? | Normal in US to keep pet cats indoors, due to other factors to consider such as risk of predation |
| Give a possible welfare problem of indoor cats | Clinical signs of lower urinary tract due to stress |
| Explain why clipping horses in winter may be a welfare issue | Improves physiological welfare when being worked May necessitate stabling, which can lead to development of stereotypic behaviours |
| What is the main animal welfare legislation in England and Wales? | Animal Welfare Act (2006) |
| What is the main animal welfare legislation in Scotland? | Animal Health and Welfare Act (2006) |
| What is the main animal welfare legislation in Northern Ireland? | Welfare of Animals Act (2011) |
| What is the difference in the Animal Welfare Act before 2006 and from 2006 onwards? | Pre-2006: duty to ensure no unnecessary suffering 2006 onwards: anyone responsible for an animal must take reasonable steps to ensure its needs are met, encourages positive care not just prevention of suffering |
| What is significant about the word 'responsible' in the Animal Welfare Act? | Do not need to own animal to break the law, only be responsible for it For example, a boarding kennel caring for a dog while owners are on holiday |
| When will compulsory microchipping for all dogs be introduced? | 6th April 2016 |
| Which independent body provides scientific and technical advice to the government about animal welfare? | Companion Animal Welfare Council (CAWC) |
| Give 5 animal establishments covered by specific animal welfare legislation | Pet shops Animal boarding establishments Horse riding establishments Dog breeding establishments Performing animals |
| What is problematic about many animal welfare laws? | Out of date Generic e.g. what is a suitable diet? Too much individual variation for specific legislation |
| What percentage of owners are familiar with the Animal Welfare Act and the needs it details? | 31% |
| Give the 5 primary welfare needs of an animal | Suitable environment Suitable diet Ability to exhibit normal behaviour patterns Need to be housed with or apart from other animals as applicable Protection from pain, suffering, injury and disease |
| Why is taking a history important for diagnosis? | Huge individual variation, often only the owner knows what is normal for their animal |
| What is an issue that many vets and animal welfare charities have with the code of practice for keeping pet cats? | Want microchipping of cats to be more strongly recommended |
| Why is obesity a welfare concern? | Increased risk of conditions such as osteoarthritis and diabetes Reduced longevity |
| What percentage of dogs are overweight? | 59% |
| What percentage of cats are overweight? | 39% |
| What percentage of horses are overweight? | 45% |
| How can welfare problems be quantified at an individual level? | Objective measurements, removal of subjectivity as far as possible Validated scoring systems can be used but they depend on the user and can be interpreted differently |
| Give a disadvantage of using physiological measures to quantify welfare problems | Can be difficult to interpret e.g. presence of researcher may increase heart rate |
| Give an example of where baseline data can be useful | Body condition score of an unstabled horse before and after a period of severe weather conditions |
| What does quantifying welfare problems at a population level require? | Control for potentially confounding factors such as age - body condition score tends to decrease in elderly animals |
| Give 7 stakeholders in animal welfare issues | Owners Breeders Vets Pet food companies Insurance companies Pharmaceutical companies Government - formation of legislation |
| What is the difference between short-term and long-term welfare? | Often welfare of an animal may be poor short-term to improve welfare in long term |
| Give 3 examples of short-term and long-term welfare conflicts | Confinement at a veterinary practice to maximise long-term health Confinement at a rescue centre prior to being rehomed Keeping cats indoors at night or 24/7 to prevent road traffic accidents |
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