871192
Description
Flashcards by Chloe Roberts, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Chloe Roberts
over 11 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is meant by a 'Balanced Diet' | A healthy diet that includes all of the things needed to keep the body healthy |
| Why do people need different amounts of energy? | Because the metabolic rate varies from person to person. |
| What happens when the energy intake is less than the energy used? | The person will lose mass |
| What do you need more of if you are more physically active ? | Energy (food) |
| What is the metabolic rate? | The chemical reaction in cells |
| What happens if you eat more food (take in more energy) then needed? | You become overweight/ your mass will increase |
| What can obesity lead to? | Type 2 diabetes |
| What does exercise do? | Help the body stay healthy |
| What does inherited factors effect? | Metabolic rate and cholesterol levels |
| What are Pathogens? | Micro-organisms that cause infectious disease |
| What do pathogens tend to be? | Bacteria or viruses |
| What reproduces rapidly and may produce toxins? | Pathogens |
| What does viruses do? | reproduce inside cells and damage them |
| What does washing your hands do? | Remove pathogens |
| What doctor discovered the removal of pathogens by washing your hands? | Dr.Semmelweiss |
| How does bacteria or viruses make you feel ill? | They produce toxins |
| How does the body prevent pathogens from entering? | The skin, mucus and stomach acid |
| How does the body get rid of pathogens once they have got into the body? | White blood cells |
| Name the 3 things white blood cells do | Ingest Pathogens → produce antibodies→ produce antitoxins to counteract toxins |
| What is the job of some 'medicines' | To relieve the symptoms of the disease but not kill the pathogens that cause it |
| What does antibiotics do? | Cure bacterial diseases by killing the bacteria inside your body |
| What can antibiotics NOT destroy? | Viruses |
| Why are viruses difficult to destroy? | Because they reproduce inside the body cells |
| How is bacteria grown? | On agar Jelly |
| Why must all the materials and equipment be sterilised? | To ensure that unwanted microorganisms do not infect the culture |
| What can uncontaminated cultures be used for? | to investigate the effect of antibiotics and disinfectants on the bacteria |
| The air contains microorganisms, what must we do to keep the bacterial culture pure? | The microorganims from the air must be killed or prevented from entering the culture |
| What happens if a pathogen changes by mutation? | The new strain may spread rapidly |
| What can new strains cause? | epidemics and pandemics |
| How have some bacteria developed resistance to antibiotics? | Natural selection |
| What is given to immune people from diseases? | A wide range of vaccines |
| What does a vaccine contain? | Dead or inactive pathogens |
| What does vaccines encourage? | The white blood cells to produce antibodies to destroy the pathogens? |
| What does vaccines protect? | Individuals and society from the effects of disease |
| Why has the treatment of disease changed? | Our understanding of antibiotics and and immunity has increased |
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