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| Question | Answer |
| Alternation of generations | A reproductive strategy that involves a succession of haploid and diploid phases. |
| Ameboid motion | Type of motion in which cytoplas can flow beneath the cell membrane into new branches called pseudopods, helped by filaments of a structural protein called actin, causing the cell to move in a given direction. |
| Cilia | Short hair-like projections found on eukaryotic cells that can help the cell move or can sweep food particles toward the mouth. |
| Chlorophyll | The pigment found in green plants and algae that allows them to undergo photosynthesis |
| Chloroplasts | - The organelles in which photosynthesis takes place in green plants and algae. |
| Endosymbiotic theory | - This theory states that eukaryote organelles may have evolved when large eukaryotic organisms engulfed but did not digest smaller organisms and a symbiotic relationship arose. |
| Isogamus | An organism that has only one type of gamete rather than separate male and female gametes. |
| Macronucleus | In ciliates, the large nucleus that holds many copies of the cells genetic material. It is responsible for the growth and metabolism of the cell. |
| Micronucleus | In ciliates, the smaller nucleus responsible for the transmission of genetic material during sexual reproduction. |
| Oral groove | In ciliates, the membrane structure that functions in food uptake. |
| Pinocytosis | Method of food uptake in which a liquid or small food particle is sucked into an invagination in the cell membrane, which then folds in on itself and pinches off from the cell membrane to become a small vacuole. |
| Phagocytosis | Method of food uptake in which a flexible portion of the cell membrane surrounds a food particle and engulfs it, bringing it into the cell in a vacuole. Phagocytosis is used to ingest other unicellular organisms or large particles. |
| Photosynthesis | The process in which some organisms can use the energy of light to transform inorganic materials into usable organic materials. |
| Plankton | Small free-floating organisms in fresh- and saltwater that are a major marine food source. |
| Pseudopods | Temporary cytoplasmic protrusions of ameboid cells that function in movement and food uptake by phagocytosis. |
| Vacuole | A membrane bound portion of the cell usually used for holding materials such as food and waste. |
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