9193360
Description
Flashcards by Nikki Hopgood, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Nikki Hopgood
over 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What are the features of a destructive wave? | Weak swash, Strong backwash, Steep beach |
| What are the features of a constructive wave? | strong swash, weak backwash, gentle slope |
| What are the three types of weathering? | Physical ( freeze thaw), Biological, Chemical |
| Define Hydraulic Action | The compression of air in cracks that puts pressure on the rock and causes pieces of rock to break off. |
| Define Corrasion | sand and pebbles carried in waves are thrown against the cliff face |
| Define Corrosion | chemicals in sea water dissolve certain rock types, such as chalk |
| Define Attrition | The breaking up off rocks and pebbles in the waves due to the movement of the waves |
| What is soil creep? | The gravity pulls the water in the soil downhill, soil particles move with the water; heavy rainfall causes faster downhill movement. The soil appears to have ripples called terracettes |
| what is slumping? | A large area of land moving down a slope. Dry weather makes the clay contract, when it rains. water gets into the cracks and the soil becomes saturated. |
| What is it called when the sediment is moved along the shore by the waves in the direction of the prevailing wind? | Longshore Drift |
| What are spits? | Narrow stretches of sand and pebbles that are joined to the land at one end. |
| What is a bar? | spits which go across a bay |
| What is an example of forecasting? | The Met office predicts the likely hood of a flood. The Environment Agency monitors sea conditions 24/7 |
| What is an example of building design? | In Bangladesh all one-story and two-storey buildings must have an external staircase to the roof. |
| what is an example of planning? | The Thames Flood Barrier was completed in 1982. In, 2010, the Environment Agency installed new flood walls along the river. |
| What is an example of Education? | The government gives advice to the public via its website. |
| Revetments are...? | ...Slatted wooden structures built at the base of the cliff |
| Rip Rap is...? | ...large rocks placed in front of the cliff |
| Recurved seawalls are ...? | ...walls usually made of concrete; modern ones have a recurved face |
| Groynes are... | ...usually made of wood; stretch from the coastline into the sea |
| Gabions are... | ...wire cages filled with stone used to reduce erosion |
| Offshore reefs are... | ...enormous concrete blocks and natural boulders are sunk offshore to alter wave direction and to dissipate the wave energy of tides and waves. |
| Beach replenishment is... | ...the placing of sand and pebbles on a beach |
| Cliff regrading is... | The cliff is cut back and given a new gentle slope to stop it slumping. |
| Managed Retreat is... | ...allowing the sea to gradually flood land or erode cliffs |
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