9291279
Description
Flashcards by Laura Miller, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Laura Miller
over 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| regions of the cell | cell membrane cytoplasm nucleus |
| plasma membrane | phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins, cholesteral and glycolipids |
| what does the cytoplasm do? | surrounds cytoplasm and separates it from outside environment |
| 3 functions of cell membrane | 1. barrier 2. regulates flow, 3. communicates |
| What do the different membrane proteins do? | Ion channels carriers/transports receptors enzymes linkers cell identify markers |
| ion channels | allow specific ions through membrane |
| selective permeability | membrane allows only some substances to cross |
| Crossing the cell membrane | substances need to move across to keep the cell alive |
| concentration gradient | difference in the concentration of a chemical from one place to another |
| 2 ways substances move across membrane | passive(no ATP) active( ATP) |
| Passive process | diffusion(particles) & osmosis(solvent) |
| diffusion | net movement of particles high area concentration to low |
| facilitated diffusion | proteins used to transport large molecules across membrane |
| osmosis | net movement of SOLVENT through a selectively permeable membrane |
| 3 possibilities of osmosis | isotonic hypertonic hypotonic |
| isotonic | same solution. enters and leaves most IV solutions |
| hypertonic | if cell is surounded by hyPERtonic solution, water leaves the cell. -cell shrivels *used for brain swelling |
| hypotonic | if cell is surrounded by hyPOtonic solution, water enters the cell. -Cell will swell and burst *used for dehydration |
| Active process (crossing cell membrane) | requires ATP and proteins to move particles from low to high concentration (across gradient) |
| endocytosis | IN bringing cells into the cell using vesicle |
| 2 kinds of endocytosis | phagocytosis - cell eating pinocytosis - cell drinking |
| exocytosis | OUT movement of materials out of the cell using secretory vesicle |
| 2 important kinds | digestive enzymes neurotransmitters |
| Cytoplasm | all cellular contents between plasma membrane and nucleus |
| 2 components cytoplasm | cytosol organelles |
| cytosol | intracellular fluid site for cells chemical rxn 55% of cell volume |
| organelles | little organ specialized structures that perform cell functions |
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