Networks

Flowchart nodes

• Network

• A network is a group of system of interconnected devices, it can be wireless or by cable.

• Types of networks

• By Topology

• By Geography

• Topology refers to how the components of a network are connected

• The arrangement and size of the network is determined by the coverage area or the location of its components.

• The most common Topology networks are: Bus: All the devices and computers are connected to a single communication channel. Ring: Each device has an input and output point where the information is sent until it reaches the device it is intended for. Star: Each device is connected to a central node or main server. Every communication passes through the server, and then is transmitted to the receptor device or computer. Extended star: Several star networks connected. Hierarchical: Devices are connected following a hierarchical tree structure with a central node. Mesh: Each node or computer connected is able to send and receive data, it can keep growing as more nodes are added.

• The most common geography networks are: LAN (Local Area Network): Is a small network, like the one you may find in an office or a building. Its coverage range can be up to 500 meters. CAN (Campus Area Network): Is commonly used in a campus or a military base. MAN (Metropolitan Area Network): Is a high-speed network that covers an extended geographical region, like cities or metropolitan areas. WAN (Wide Area Network): Is a high-speed network that covers a much larger geographical area, such as a major region or a country. PAN (Personal Area Network): Is a network around an individual or a couple of individuals. It is becoming more popular due to portable devices that can connect to a home network.