The Spine

The spinal curvatures (2) that allow for the most movement are:

The lumbar and cervical spinal curvatures are [blank_start]lordotic[blank_end]. The thoracic and sacral spinal curvatures are [blank_start]kyphotic[blank_end].

Label each of the stages of disc herniation:

Anterior pelvic tilt [blank_start]exaggerates[blank_end] the lumbar lordotic curve and puts pressure on the [blank_start]facet joints[blank_end]. Posterior pelvic tilt [blank_start]flattens[blank_end] the lumbar lordotic curve and puts pressure on the [blank_start]intervertebral discs[blank_end].

Which of the following is NOT a cause of low-back pain?

When doing a physical exam for low back pain, a straight leg raise is testing for sciatic nerve irritation.

The dermatomes for the lower legs are: [blank_start]L1-L5[blank_end] supply the anterior leg, dorsal and plantar foot [blank_start]S1-S2[blank_end] supply the posterior leg [blank_start]S3-S5[blank_end] supplies the buttocks

A young gymnast has fractured her left L5 pars interarticularis. On her referral form, what would appear as the name of her injury?

Scoliosis can be classified by:

Canadian women are at a particularly high risk for osteoporosis given the geographical low levels of natural Vitamin D and lack of calcium in diet. An elderly woman who has osteoporosis in her thoracic vertebral bodies may develop what: