Changing the way you learn

Question 1

Question

With which condition would you see a negative phosphorus balance with normal phosphorus intakes?

Answer

Calcium stones
Idiopathic hypercalciuria
Enteric hyperoxaluria
Cystine stones

Question 2

Question

How much calcium per day is recommended for a person with oxalate stones?

Answer

1500-2500mg
900-1300mg
500-1200mg
800-1200 mg

Question 3

Question

Which of the following foods is NOT low in oxalate?

Answer

Spinach
Legumes
Nuts
Rhubarb

Question 4

Question

Which of the following is NOT an acidic food?

Answer

Wheat bread
Gelatin desserts
Coffee
Cheese

Question 5

Question

With which stones do we recommend a diet high in alkaline foods?

Answer

Oxalate stones
Cystine stones
Uric acid stones
Struvite stones

Question 6

Question

When a patient has uric acid stones, we would recommend that they avoid _____ foods?

Answer

alkaline
citrate
acidic
purine containing

Question 7

Question

Each kidney contains about how many nephrons?

Answer

100,000
1,000,000
10,000
10,000,000

Question 8

Question

From the ureter, urine goes to the

Answer

bladder
loop of Henle
nephron
glomerulus

Question 9

Question

Sodium is regulated by the kidneys at the expense of all other substances in an effort to maintain

Answer

urine concentration
glomerulus filtration rate
urine volume
blood volume

Question 10

Question

Water excretion is regulated by

Answer

erythropoietin
antidiuretic hormone
calcitonin
parathyroid hormone

Question 11

Question

Nephritic syndrome is characterized by

Answer

hemoturia
proteinuria
azotemia
oliguria

Question 12

Question

Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by

Answer

hematuria
proteinuria
azotemia
oliguria

Question 13

Question

During acute renal failure, daily energy needs (for adults) are estimated to be _____ kcal/kg IBW.

Answer

10 to 20
20 to 30
30 to 40
40 to 50

Question 14

Question

Chronic interstitial nephritis is treated mainly by

Answer

potassium restriction
sodium restriction
adequate fluid administration
protein restriction

Question 15

Question

A juice used in the treatment of chronic urinary tract infections is _____ juice.

Answer

apple
prune
orange
cranberry

Question 16

Question

Which of the following is an acid-producing food?

Answer

Meat
Broccoli
Carrots
Milk

Question 17

Question

In hemodialysis, daily dietary protein needs are about _____ g/kg.

Answer

Question 18

Question

In peritoneal dialysis, daily dietary protein needs are about _____ g/kg.

Answer

0.8
1 to 1.2
1.2 to 1.5
0.6

Question 19

Question

In hemodialysis, the usual sodium restriction is _____ g/day.

Answer

1 to 2
2 to 3
4 to 6
6 to 8

Question 20

Question

Which of these should be supplemented in a patient who is undergoing dialysis?

Answer

Vitamin B12
Vitamin K
Vitamin A
Vitamin B6

Question 21

Question

In ESRD, which of these is optimal?

Answer

High calcium and phosphorus intake
Low calcium and phosphorus intake
Low calcium intake and high phosphorus intake
High calcium intake and low phosphorus intake

Question 22

Question

Which of these is typically elevated in ESRD?

Answer

Triglyceride level
LDL cholesterol level
Cholesterol level
HDL cholesterol level

Question 23

Question

Postdialysis hypoglycemia results from the abrupt ending of

Answer

hemodialysis
peritoneal dialysis
glucose supply in intradialytic parenteral nutrition
none of the above

Question 24

Question

Hypertrophy of the parathyroid gland results in over secretion of PTH and

Answer

hyperglycemia
bone demineralization
hyponatremia
oxalate stone formation

Question 25

Question

The major nutritional concern in children with ESRD is

Answer

vitamin status
promotion of normal growth and development
hypercholesterolemia
hypophosphatemia

Question 26

Question

Anemia in patients with ESRD is most often treated with

Answer

folate and vitamin B12 supplements
blood transfusions
oral iron supplements
recombinant human erythropoietin and IV or intramuscular iron

Question 27

Question

For patients with kidney stones, the most important aspect of medical nutrition therapy is

Answer

avoiding high intakes of animal protein
high fluid intake to produce 2 to 2.5 L urine daily
reducing intake of dietary oxalate and vitamin C
decreasing sodium intake and increasing potassium intake

Question 28

Question

In patients receiving hemodialysis, fluid restrictions are related to

Answer

urine output
sodium intake
phosphorus intake
risk of kidney stones

Question 29

Question

Which types of stones are amenable to dissolution therapy in the form of ECSWL?

Answer

Calcium stones
Melamine and Indinavir stones
Struvite stones
Uric acid stones
Oxalate stones

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	Created by amber.rebel about 10 years ago