IB Biology: Chemistry of Carbon

Question	Answer
carbon compounds	25% of cells are carbon compounds carbohydrates lipids proteins nucliec acids
organic chemistry	the study of carbon compounds
carbon atoms	bonding properties 4 stable covalent bonds
properties of hydrocarbons	carbon & hydrogen non - polar hydrophobic stable little attraction between bonds gases at room temperature
ethane vs. ethanol	ethane: hydrogen non polar gas ethanol: hydroxyl group polar liquid
functional groups	parts of organic molecules that are involved in chemical reactions and male hydrocarbons hydrophilic Ex. hydroxyl amino carbonyl sulhydryl carboxyl phosphate
male and female carbon compounds	basic structure is identical but they interact with different functional groups different functional groups HO - estradiol CH3 - testosterone
hydroxyl	OH alcohols Ex. ethanol
carbonyl	C=O if C=O at end: aldehyde if C=O in middle: ketone
carboxyl	COOH C double bonded to O and single bonded to OH group compounds with COOH = acids Ex. fatty acids, amino acids
amino	NH2 compounds with NH2 = amines amino acts as a base

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