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| Question | Answer |
| What is Autoimmunity | A Sustained adaptive immune response to a self antigen which causes tissue damage |
| What are some examples of Autoimmune diseases | Ankylosing Spondylitis - arthritis in the spine Type 1 Diabetes Rhuematoid Arthritis SLE - Systemic Lupus Erythematosis Graves Disease |
| Explain autoimmunity | The body produces self antigens to protect us from foreign antigens - autoimmunity is when the immune system is unable to differentiate self from foreign. This is a chronic disease as our bodies never stop producing self antigens. |
| What is the difference between Hypersensitivity Reactions and Autoimmunity Reactions | Autoimmune reactions involve self antigens not foreign antigens. There isnt a type 1 reaction - like in hypersensitivity. |
| Explain Type 2 Autoimmunity | Same as Type 2 Hypersensitivity; Autoantigen binds to cell Complement dependent lysis Antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity |
| Name diseases of Type 2 Autoimmunity | Hasimotos Disease - hypothyroid Graves Disease - Hyperthyroid |
| Explain Type 3 Autoimmunity | Auto-antigen is free Immune complexes form Complexes deposit in blood or tissue Complement activated Inflammation at site of deposit Enzymes and chemicals released Tissue damage caused |
| Name diseases of Type 3 Autoimmunity | RA SLE |
| How do we treat Autoimmune Diseases | Glucocorticoids Prednisone System specific therapy Symptom relief |
| Describe Immunodeficiency | Partial or Total loss of function of one or more components of the immune system. Inherited or Genetic |
| What is Primary Immunodeficiency | Inherited, Congenital or Genetic failure of the immune system. Congenital Hypoglobulinemia - B cells Thymic Aplasia - Low T cells DiGeorges Syndrome - Low Mature T cells |
| What is Secondary Immunodeficiency | Acquired loss of immune function from specific causes. Infections - HIV Malnutrition Cancer |
| What is the treatment for Immunodeficiencies | Blood Transfusions - replacing antibodies with gammaglobulins Bone Marrow or Thymus transplants |
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