6426604
Description
Flashcards by Jasmine Tran, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Jasmine Tran
about 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Alimentary Canal | Digestive tube that consists of the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and anus |
| Mastication | Chewing; to increase surface area |
| Saliva contains an enzyme called ______ | amylase that starts the digestion of complex carbohydrates |
| Bolus | Ball of food |
| 4 layers of the digestive tract (innermost to outermost) | Mucous membrane, submucous layer, muscular layer, serous layer |
| What acid is secreted in the stomach that breaks down foods? | Hydrochloric acid |
| Chyme | Soupy substance that is created by the stomach churning and mixing the bolus food mass |
| Stomach | Stores food and regulates the movement of food into the small intestines |
| Where is the pyloric sphincter located? | between the stomach & small intestines |
| Small intestine | Digestion and absorption of food |
| 3 major regions of the small intestine | duodenum, jejunum, ileum |
| Amino acids & simple sugars are absorbed directly into the _______ | blood |
| Nutrients are absorbed through the _______ | walls of the small intestines |
| Fats are absorbed into the ______ | Lymphs by the lacteals (middle of villis) |
| Villi | small fingerlike projections that greatly increase the surface area of the intestinal wall |
| Large intestines | reabsorbs water and stores and eliminates undigested food |
| What is the abundant bacteria in the large intestines called? | Intestinal flora |
| Vitamin K is created in the ______ | Intestinal tract |
| 6 parts of the large intestines | Cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum |
| Humans can survive most easily without A. pancreas B. lungs C. gallbladder D. bladder | C. gallbladder The gallbladder's function is to store bile, but the GI tract can produce enough bile to digest fat w/o it |
| Urinary system organs | two kidneys, two ureters, urinary bladder, urethra |
| What is the bladder capacity of an adult? | 500 mL |
| Kidney | filters blood its waste product is urine |
| A good analogy describing the function of the kidneys: | a waste treatment plant |
| What are the functional units of the kidney? | nephrons |
| Which part of the nephron does the filtration process occur at? | in Bowman's capsule through the glomerulus |
| Which artery brings blood to the kidneys? | Renal artery |
| Fuction of reproductive system | production of gametes (sex cells) and production of hormones |
| Where does spermatozoa develop at? | seminiferous tubules of each testes |
| Sperm, once created, are stored in an area of the male body called the ______ | epididymis |
| Testicular activity is under the control of which hormone(s)? | FSH & LH (Follicle stimulating hormone) (luteinizing hormone) |
| Which hormone regulates sperm production? | FSH (follicle stimulating hormone) |
| What stimulates the interstitial cells of the testicles to produce testosterone? | LH (luteinizing hormone) |
| What is the ejaculation pathway for sperm? | vas deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra |
| A woman's body usually ovulates around what day in a normal 30-day cycle? | Day 14 |
| Estrogen | It initiates the preparation of the endometrium for pregnancy |
| Porgesterone | hormone secreted by the corpus luteum, which further stimulate development of the endomtetrium |
| Chocolate cysts of the ovaries are atrributed to: A) menorrhagia B) ectopic pregnancy C) endometriosis D) pelvic inflammatory disease | C) endometriosis where tissue from the uterus (endometrium) grows in the ovaries & the tissue bleeds and builds up over time, hence "chocolate cyst" |
| Where does a sperm first fertilize an egg? | Fallopian tube |
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